Submarine refrigeration and airconditioning systems chapter 14. Unit 3 refrigeration and air conditioning science of providing and maintaining temperatures below that of surroundings introduction to refrigeration the term refrigeration. At a lower temperature, molecular motion slows down and the growth of bacteria that causes food spoilage also retards. In the past, this was done by collecting ice in the winter and using its specific heat to cool as the ice melted. Air conditioning and refrigeration books free download. Folks, submarine refrigeration and airconditioning systems, navpers 16163, is one of a series of submarine training manuals that was completed just after ww ii. Fundamentals of mechanical refrigeration systems course content introduction mechanical refrigeration is a thermodynamic process of removing heat from a lower temperature heat source or substance and transferring it to a higher temperature heat sink. Submarine refrigerated space refrigerant piping and evaporator coils are made of copper. Rev pages chapter 9 refrigerants, refrigeration cycles, and. Control cabinet air conditioning and ventilation system for class 212a submarines. Title artculated, performancebased instruction objectives. Once of these laws state that heat always flows from a material at a high temperature to a material at a low temperature.
This article discusses corrosion control in marine refrigeration systems, but similar methodologies to control cor. Training 338 34 efficiency and economy in operation 351 35 catalogue selection 357. The current design aims of submarine hvac systems have. Without air conditioning people tire easily and feel lethargic, resulting in low morale and productivity. The use of refrigeration, either directly or as part of an airconditioning system, is essential to almost every branch of industry. It is an ebook for people who are involved in training and. Refrigeration and air conditioning technology gunt hamburg. Alfa laval brine air unit coolers are the energy efficient choice for cargo refrigeration systems onboard reefers and other vessels. Project 633 was a further development of the soviet navys postwar 611 and 6 whiskeyclass designs. To get an idea of the scope of information the manual covers, open the table of contents and chapter 1 pdf file. Stressing stateoftheart techniques, the book draws on fieldtested training. A separate subsystem controls the amount of od air supplied. When 1 pound of ice melts, it absorbs 144 btu, as latent energy. Apart from the described products for refrigeration and air conditioning applications, we offer a comprehensive standard program for the measurement of pressure, temperature and level.
Pdf performance verification of the airconditioning system. Discuss the criteria used for selection of air conditioning systems. Although reciprocating compressors have been the standard for decades, systems. Materials as printouts and additionally also as pdf files. Books by john tomczyk author of refrigeration and air. Apart from the described products for refrigeration and airconditioning applications, we offer a comprehensive standard program for the measurement of pressure, temperature and level. In this online version of the manual we have attempted to keep the flavor of the original layout while taking advantage of the webs universal accessibility. Manual for refrigeration servicing introduction technicians. Folks, submarine refrigeration and air conditioning systems, navpers 16163, is one of a series of submarine training manuals that was completed just after ww ii.
Document resume ed 251 645 ce 040 232 author henderson, william edward, jr. The use of refrigeration, either directly or as part of an air conditioning system, is essential to almost every branch of industry. There is a need for practitioners to familiarise themselves with the general principles and methods of refrigeration and air conditioning, and the types of plant and operation currently in use. Freon 12 has a few disadvantages, but they are far outweighed by its advantages. Marine refrigeration and air conditioning introduces this complicated subject in a detailed, straightforward manner. Troubleshooting and servicing modern air conditioning and refrigeration systems by john tomczyk 4. Pdf performance verification of the airconditioning. Pdf performance verification of the airconditioning system in a.
Automatic controls and compressors for refrigeration. Knowing the temperature difference across the coils, the amperage, and the airflow all give the technician vital information. Pdf naval refrigeration applications are similar to a highrise building, only laid on its side. Air conditioning and refrigeration troubleshooting handbook pdf title of the book. Describe the stages of heat theory and the principles involved in heat transfer, and recognize various components of refrigeration systems and their application. Refrigeration air conditioning technology 6th edition pdf. There is a need for practitioners to familiarise themselves with the general principles and methods of refrigeration and air conditioning, and the types of. He also is a monthly columnist for air conditioning, heating and refrigeration news magazine. A complete marine refrigeration manual thats packed with. Design of the control cabinet housing in amagnetic and emcprotected form. Heat recovery 320 31 control systems 324 32 commissioning 333 33 operation. One of the large energy consumers in a conventional submarine is. Phase i final rule and technical development document of.
Thermodynamics second law can help us better understand how the basic refrigeration cycle works. Mechanical refrigeration works by changing the the majority of heat is removed from the the majority of the works by removedchanging the absorbed heat is state of the refrigerant. The series describes the peak of ww ii us submarine technology. Purchase refrigeration and airconditioning 4th edition. Although corrosion can affect production in commercial applications, in naval warships and submarines, corrosion can affect the crews survival. Contents this brochure assists you in selecting the right instruments.
The cooling equipment of submarines consists of two. As a utilitiesman, one of your duties will be to install, operate, maintain, and repair airconditioning systems to provide the required comfort in working spaces. In a submarine, only a few cubic feet of space are available for air conditioning machinery, and the cooling capacity is of necessity limited. The project was undertaken by lazurit central design bureau of gorky only 20 of the soviet unions originally intended 56 were completed between october 1957 and the end of december 1961 because of the introduction of the nuclear submarine into the soviet navy. Uscg vessels also produce refrigeration and ac condensate, and use specifications similar to the navy for refrigeration and ac units. Submarine refrigeration and airconditioning systems chapter 7. Submarine refrigeration and airconditioning systems chapter 19.
Refrigeration and read xenocide online pdf air conditioning technology, 6th edition, william c. The refrigeration plants on merchant vessels play a vital part in carrying refrigerated cargo and provisions for the crew on board. The freon 12 refrigerant cycle in the airconditioning system is the same as that in the refrigeration system. Submarine refrigeration and airconditioning systems chapter 5.
And air conditioning rac system from a nonflammable refrigerant to use. Refrigeration and air conditioning technology, 7th edition. The single duct systems can provide either cooling or heating using the same duct, but not both. Ideal as evaporators and condensers for onboard refrigeration systems, alfa laval semiwelded plate heat exchangers are the smallest, lightest, most efficient cooling units on the market. Ract refrigeration and air conditioning technology. Introduction to refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Mechanical refrigeration is used onboard in many ways, including refrigerated ships stores, air conditioning, and refrigerated cargo storage areas. The danfoss product range for the refrigeration and air.
Modern refrigeration and air conditioning by eng mahmoud. Currently, air conditioning consumes about onesixth of the annual national. Without it, distribution of food to urban areas may not be possible. This book is an introduction to the general principles and practices of refrigeration and air conditioning, aiming to give an understanding of the possibilities and limitations of those processes. Now you can also download the book refrigeration and air conditioning by c p arora the book covers following topics 1. In general, the mechanical circuit of equipment is. Guide for air conditioning, refrigeration, and heating. Refrigerants and the refrigeration system determine the pressures.
Also covered in this chapter are the methods used for installing, maintaining, and repairing refrigeration equipment, including domestic refrigerators and freezers. Air conditioning, or hvacr, is an active, rapidly developing technology. Army watercraft have no collection or discharge of condensate from refrigeration or air conditioning systems. Welcome to the manual for refrigeration servicing technicians. Our brazed plate heat exchangers are designed and fully optimized for onboard airconditioning and refrigeration duties. At the lowpressure point of its refrigeration cycle, it operates at pressures only slightly above atmospheric pressure, thus reducing the possibility of air entering the system in the event of leakage. Referigerating machine and reversed carnot cycle 2. Pdf refrigeration modeling components in openstudio, mark. Construction and working of ships refrigeration plant. The plant and equipment must be compact enough to be ac. Mechanical refrigeration is used onboard in many ways, including refrigerated ships stores, airconditioning, and refrigerated cargo storage areas.
Refrigeration and air conditioning is the subject which deals with the techniques to control the environments of the living and nonliving subjects and thus provide them comforts to enable them to perform better and have longer lives. Jul 16, 2014 marine refrigeration and air conditioning 2. Publication date 20804 topics refrigeration conditioning collection. Air conditioning technology, which describes a subarea of supply technology.
Length of training program sponsors shall establish a minimum five 5 years program of not less than 7,500 hours of onthejob training. This document describes the process of upgrading the eci energy controls international rc and erc store controller systems. Air conditioning and refrigeration helps you understand todays cooling and climate control systemsso expertly that you can use it as the foundation for a career. Air conditioning and refrigeration martins marine engineering page. In the first design stage the air conditioning cooling power is estimated. This warming and cooling of the air is usually referred to as winter and summer air conditioning. The marine refrigeration manual well discuss on this page is a government manual from the late 90s. He is also author of an epaapproved technician certification program manual and a universal r410a safety and retrofitting training manual. Control cabinet air conditioning ventilation for submarine.
In a submarine, only a few cubic feet of space are available for airconditioning machinery, and the cooling capacity is of necessity limited. Control cabinet airconditioning and ventilation system for class 212a submarines. Air conditioning and refrigeration industry onet codes 499031. Sep 27, 2015 refrigeration and air conditioning, 4th edition 1. Recognize the characteristics and procedures required to service and troubleshoot rcfri gerat ion systems. The test was carried out by the german army quality assurance service including the shock test of the prototype at the military service center for ships and naval weapons, maritime.
As i have mentioned in the residential air conditioners section, air conditioning the refrigeration cycle is a process. Purchase refrigeration and air conditioning 4th edition. Introduction psychometrics heat and moisture transfer. Comprehensive, practical guide to refrigeration and air conditioning principles and servicing. It should be clearly understood that the purpose of the air conditioning system is not to cool the submarine as a whole.
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